Go Language Features

Core Features

1. Static Typing

   • Strong type system
   • Type inference
   • Interface-based polymorphism

2. Concurrency Support

   • Goroutines for lightweight concurrency
   • Channels for communication
   • Select statement for multiplexing

3. Memory Management

   • Automatic garbage collection
   • Efficient memory allocation
   • Stack vs heap allocation

4. Built-in Testing

   • Testing framework in standard library
   • Benchmarking support
   • Example documentation tests

Type System

1. Basic Types

   • Numeric types (int, float, complex)
   • Strings and runes
   • Booleans
   • Arrays and slices
   • Maps

2. Composite Types

   • Structs
   • Interfaces
   • Pointers
   • Functions as types

3. Type Safety Features

   • No implicit type conversion
   • Type assertions and switches
   • Compile-time type checking

Memory Management

1. Garbage Collection

   • Concurrent garbage collector
   • Low-latency collection
   • Tunable GC parameters

2. Memory Model

   • Value semantics vs pointer semantics
   • Escape analysis
   • Stack allocation optimization

Concurrency Model

1. Goroutines

   • Lightweight execution threads
   • Multiplexed onto OS threads
   • Simple creation and management

2. Channels

   • Typed communication
   • Buffered and unbuffered channels
   • Select for multi-channel operations

3. Synchronization

   • sync package primitives
   • Mutex and RWMutex
   • WaitGroup and Once

Unique Language Characteristics

1. Simplicity

   • No classes or inheritance
   • Composition over inheritance
   • Minimal keyword set

2. Tooling

   • Built-in formatting (gofmt)
   • Documentation generation (godoc)
   • Cross-compilation support

3. Standard Library

   • Rich standard library
   • HTTP server/client
   • JSON/XML handling
   • Cryptography support